Igihe cyo kubika imbuto zumye mu gihe cyo kuzibika: Icyo abaguzi bagomba kugena

Buri mucuruzi wese w’ibicuruzwa byumye mu buryo bukonje avuga umutwe umwe:Imbuto 100% zuzuye, nta bintu bizirinda kwangirika, amezi 24 yo kumaraUmutwe w'inkuru uroroshye gukoporora. Imibare itandatu iri inyuma yayo ntabwo ari yo. Iyi nyandiko iragaragaza neza niba agasanduku k'inzabibu zumye mu buryo bukonje kageze i Amsterdam mu gihe kavuye mu murongo wo gutunganya - n'icyo washyira muri RFQ yawe kugira ngo igisubizo kigenzurwe aho kuba icyo wifuza.

KURI URU RUPAPURO

Kumisha mu buryo bukonjesha ni iki mu by'ukuri?

Aho igihe cyo kumara amezi 24 gituruka

Imbonerahamwe y'ibipimo

Uburyo bwo kubika intungamubiri: uburyo bwo kuzibika ugereranije n'uburyo bwo kuzibika

Impamvu ihenda cyane

Urutonde rw'ibyo kohereza mu mahanga byubahiriza amategeko

Urupapuro rwa RFQ rukora

Gusoma COA

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa

1. Icyo "gukonjesha-kwumisha" bivuze mu by'ukuri, mu buryo bw'imikorere

Kumisha mu buryo bukonjesha si ukumisha buhoro buhoro hamwe n’ubucuruzi bwiza. Ni inzira y’ibice bitatu aho amazi akurwa mu bicuruzwa bikonjeshejwe hakoreshejwe sublimation - urubura rukomeye ruhinduka umwuka - bityo ibiryo ntibigire aho binyura mu rugero rw’amazi.

• Gukonjesha.Imbuto nshya kandi zeze zirasukurwa, zigashyirwa mu byiciro hanyuma zikonjeshwa kugeza kuri −35 °C kugeza −45 °C, byaba byiza mu masaha make nyuma yo gusarurwa. Ubukonje bwihuse ni ngombwa: kristu nini z'urubura zica inkuta z'uturemangingo, kandi inkuta zacitse nibyo bihindura imbuto zumye zikonjeshejwe zikaba ifu mu mufuka.
• Kumisha by'ibanze.Umuzigo ukonje winjira mu cyumba cy’amazi kiri munsi y’amazi atatu (hafi 611 Pa), hanyuma ubushyuhe bushyirwa buhoro buhoro mu bubiko. Urubura ruragwa; nyuma y’amasaha agera kuri 12-18 amazi menshi aba yarashize.
• Kumisha no gupfunyika bya kabiri.Ubushuhe busigaye buhambirwa buvaho, umutwaro uravunika kandi ugashyirwa mu byiciro, maze umusaruro ugafungwa munsi ya azote muri laminate ya aluminiyumu.

Kubera ko imiterere idasenywa n'amazi y'amazi, igice cyarangiye gikomeza imiterere yacyo y'umwimerere, ibara n'imiterere ifunguye, ifite imyenge - kandi gisubiramo amazi mu masegonda aho kuba amasaha. Iri ni ryo tandukaniro nyaryo rya tekiniki kuva kuriibicuruzwa byumye kandi byakuwemo amazi mu kirere, bigabanya, bigahindura umwijima kandi bigatakaza intungamubiri nyinshi ziterwa n'ubushyuhe mu gihe cy'ubushyuhe burambye.

2. Aho igihe cyo kumara amezi 24 gituruka mu by'ukuri

Nta kintu na kimwe gikoreshwa mu kubungabunga ibidukikije kirimo gukora akazi hano. Ibintu bibiri ni ibi: amazi aboneka na ogisijeni.

Udukoko duto — bagiteri, imisemburo n'ibihumyo — dukeneye amazi yoroheje kugira ngo dukure. Gukuraho ubushuhe bwose ni igice kimwe cy'inkuru; ikigenga ubusugire bw'utunyabuzima ni imikorere y'amazi (a_w), igice cy'amazi aboneka mu buryo bw'ibinyabuzima. Ibisobanuro biri munsi ya_w0.3 ni ibisanzwe ku bimera byumye bikonjeshejwe, kandi kuri urwo rwego, ibinyabuzima byangiritse ntibishobora kwiyongera uko ubushyuhe bw'ikirere bwaba buri kose.

Ihinduka rya kabiri ni ogisijeni, ituma ibinure bigabanuka (ubushyuhe mu mbuto n'imbuto, impumuro mbi mu mbuto zirimo ibinure) kandi bikangiza vitamine n'amabara. Gusukura azote hamwe na laminate ya foil ifite umuvuduko muto wo kohereza ogisijeni bituma ogisijeni yo mu mutwe iba nke bihagije kugira ngo igabanye ibyo bikorwa ku icuraburindi. Ubushuhe n'imikorere y'umuyoboro wa ogisijeni - atari umurongo wo gutunganya gusa - nibyo bituma imyaka ibiri isigara mu bubiko i Rotterdam cyangwa Lagos aho kuba mu ruganda gusa.

3. Ibyo kwandika mu bisobanuro

Ohereza imbonerahamwe iri hepfo hamwe n'ikibazo cyawe aho gusobanura ibicuruzwa mu buryo bwa prose - ni bwo buryo bwihuse bwo gutandukanya abatanga ibicuruzwa bapimye n'abatanga ibicuruzwa bapimye.

Hari ibintu bibiri bikurikira kuri iyi mbonerahamwe. Icya mbere, "amezi 24" ntashobora kwemezwa n'icyemezo cyonyine - ni ikirego kijyanye na sisitemu ifunze. Icya kabiri, umucuruzi uwo ari we wese udashobora gutanga_wkandi amakuru ya ogisijeni ku isanzure kuri buri gice arimo gusobanura umugambi, ntabwo ari ibisobanuro birambuye.

4. Kubungabunga intungamubiri: tandukanya ikirego cy'inzira n'icy'ububiko

Igereranya ryasohotse muri rusange rigaragaza ko ibipimo bya Vitamine C mu gihe cyo kumisha mu buryo bukonje biri hagati ya 80–95%, kurusha kumisha mu buryo bushyushye, akenshi bitakaza vitamine nyinshi ziterwa n'ubushyuhe. Iyo mibare igaragaza uko biba bimeze.mu gihe cyo gutunganya.

Ibiba mu mezi 24 yo kubika ni ikibazo gitandukanye, kandi ni cyo gihitamo niba agasanduku k'imirire kawe kari mu gapaki kagifite ukuri mu mwaka wa kabiri. Vitamine C ni yo kimenyetso cy'ingenzi cyane, bityo ni yo mubare ugomba gupima. Ku kirego icyo ari cyo cyose ushaka gucapa kidashobora kumara igihe kirekire, saba:

• kubika amakuru mu gihe nyacyo mu miterere y'ikirere, hamwe n'igihe (0, 6, 12, 18, amezi 24);
• amakuru yihutishwa nk'ibimenyetso bishyigikira gusa — ibisubizo byihutishwa ntibisimbura amakuru y'igihe nyacyo ku kirego cyacapwe;
• Laboratwari y'ibizamini, uburyo n'imiterere y'ibipfunyika byakoreshejwe, kubera ko ibisubizo byabonetse mu filime itandukanye bidashobora kwimurwa;
• kwemeza ikimenyetso cyapimwe n'uburyo bwo kugitahura.

5. Kuki ibyuma byumye mu buryo bwa firigo bihenda cyane, kandi amafaranga ajya he?

Abaguzi bashya muri iki cyiciro bakunze gutekereza ko icyuho cy'ibiciro ugereranije n'ibicuruzwa byumye mu kirere ari inyungu. Ahanini ni fiziki:

• Umusaruro.Imbuto ni amazi 85–90%. Ibiro icumi by'amasitrobere mashya bitanga hafi ikiro kimwe cy'umusaruro wumye urangije gukonjeshwa, bityo ukaba wishyura kugira ngo ukureho amazi no kugura ingano nini y'ibikoresho fatizo ku gipimo gito cy'ibicuruzwa bishobora kugurishwa.
• Ingufu n'igihe.Imashini ikoresha umwuka uvamo amasaha 12-18 ku muvuduko muto ikoresha ingufu nyinshi kuri kilo kurusha imashini ikoresha umwuka ushyushye, kandi ibikoresho bikoresha umwuka uvamo umwuka bitwara amafaranga menshi.
• Gupakira.Gusukura icyuma gikozwe muri foil hamwe na azote si ishashi y'ibicuruzwa.
• Igipimo cy'ibikoresho fatizo.Imbuto zeze neza gusa zikonjesha neza. Impungenge zo kwisiga zirahanganirwa iyo zirimo puree, ariko ntizishobora kwihanganirwa iyo ziriye igice cyose cy'ibyokurya.

Inyungu yo kwishyura ni ubwikorezi: amazi hafi ya yose akuweho, uburemere bugabanuka cyane ugereranyije n’amazi mashya, kandi ibicuruzwa ntibikenera uruhererekane rw’ibicuruzwa. Ku byoherezwa mu mahanga mu rugendo rurerure akenshi biruta ikiguzi cyo hejuru cy’umusaruro - ariko ni ukubara ikiguzi cyo ku butaka, bityo rero shyira mu rugero ukoresheje imibare yawe bwite y’imizigo n’ububiko aho kwishingikiriza ku ijanisha ry’umutanga ibicuruzwa.

6. Gukurikiza amategeko: ni iki gituma ibicuruzwa byinshi byoherezwa mu mahanga byemewe

Imboga zumye zikonjeshejwe ziri mu cyiciro cy’ “imbuto n’imboga byatunganyijwe”, bivuze ko umutwaro w’impapuro uba hafi y’ikintu runaka kuruta utuntu two kurya. Ingingo abaguzi bakunze kwibandaho cyane:

• Gukurikirana.Itsinda ry'abahinzi cyangwa umurima, aho bafatira imboga, itsinda ryo gutunganya, itariki yo gupakira n'agasanduku k'ibiribwa - bishobora guhuzwa kuva ku mpera kugeza ku mpera. Gukurikirana ingano y'ibihingwa ni ikintu cy'ingenzi, si ikintu cy'ingenzi.
• Ibisigazwa by'imiti yica udukoko.Byageragejwe hakurikijwe uburyo bwa MRL bw’isoko ry’ibicuruzwa (muri EU, Amabwiriza (EC) No 396/2005 n’impinduka zabyo), ku rwego rukubiyemo ibintu bikoreshwa kuri icyo gihingwa.
• Imyandu.Ibyuma bikomeye na mycotoxins ku rugero rw'aho bishyirwa — muri EU, Itegeko (EU) 2023/915, ryasimbuye Itegeko (EC) No 1881/2006.
• Ubumenyi bw'ibinyabuzima.Umubare w'amasahani yose, imisemburo n'ibimera, coliforms, Salmonella na Listeria hakurikijwe amabwiriza y'umuguzi; Salmonella ni cyo gipimo gisanzwe cyo kurekura imbuto zumye ziteguye kuribwa.
• Itangazo ridafite inyongeramusaruro.Nta sukari yongewemo, nta sirupe yo kunywesha mbere, nta ibara ry’ubukorano cyangwa uburyohe - kandi nta na sulfite (E 220–E 228), zisanzwe mu mbuto zumye kandi zigomba kugaragazwa nk'izitera allergie zirenze 10 mg/kg nka SO2₂mu Muryango w'Ubumwe bw'u Burayi.
• Uruhererekane rw'impamyabumenyi.Iyo ibicuruzwa bigurishijwe nk'ibikomoka ku bimera, icyemezo kigomba kuba gikubiyemo aho bitunganyirizwa n'ibicuruzwa byihariye; USDA NOP, EU 2018/848 na JAS buri kimwe gisaba ubushobozi bwacyo. Icyemezo cy'ubuhinzi kidafite ubushobozi bwo gutunganya ntigikubiyemo ikintu cyakozwe mu buryo bwa frigo cyumye.
• Uburyo bwo kubyaza umusaruro no kubona isoko.Icyemezo cya BRCGS cyangwa IFS, gahunda ya HACCP, na — kuri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika — igenzura ry’uburyo bwo gukumira FSMA hamwe n’inshingano za FSVP z’utumiza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga zujuje ku ruhande rwawe rw’ubucuruzi.
• Gushyira ibirango ku rutonde.Imenyekanisha ry'ibikubiye mu bicuruzwa, ibimenyetso by'ubwivumbure n'ibikomoka kuri sulfite, igihugu cyaturutsemo n'akanama k'imirire gakurikije imiterere y'isoko ry'aho bijya.

7. Urupapuro rw'ibisobanuro bya RFQ rubona ibisubizo by'ingirakamaro

Ohereza ibi nk'imbonerahamwe aho kuba paragarafu. Abatanga serivisi bashobora kubyuzuza ni bo bakwiye gupimwa.

1. Umusaruro, izina ry'ibimera n'ubwoko bwabyo; inkomoko (igihugu, intara, itsinda ry'abahinzi).
2. Uko bikorwa: byumishijwe muri firigo — yemeza ko nta byumishijwe mu mwuka, nta buvuzi bwa osmotic mbere yo kuvurwa, nta sirupe iterwa.
3. Ingano y'ibice n'ingano; kwihanganira ubuziranenge bw'ibice byose; aho bihagarara igihe bigeze.
4. Ubushuhe busigaye hamwe n'ubushuhe_wibipimo bifite ibisubizo kuri buri cyiciro.
5. Umupaka wa ogisijeni ku mwanya w'umutwe n'uburyo bwo gupima.
6. Imiterere y'ibipfunyika, uburemere bwabyo, amakuru ya OTR/WVTR, kwemeza azote.
7. Ibisobanuro bya mikorobe n'ibyanduza hamwe n'isoko ry'aho bijya ryitwa.
8. Itangazo ry'inyongeramusaruro n'iry'umusemburo wa sulfite; isuzuma ry'ubwivumbure.
9. Paki y'amakuru ahoraho: igihe nyacyo, imiterere y'ibipaki byapimwe, laboratwari.
10. Ingero zo mu musaruro ugezweho — atari icyitegererezo cyateguwe n'intoki — hamwe na COA ijyanye nayo.

8. Gusoma COA mbere yo gusoma agatabo

COA igaragaza gusa ubushuhe n'umubare w'amasahani yose ni igice cy'inyandiko. Ku bihingwa byumye bikonjeshejwe, agaciro kane gateganya niba pallet izakomeza kugurishwa mu mezi cumi n'umunani nia_w, ogisijeni mu mwanya w'umutwe, ubushuhen'imiterere y'ibipfunyika yakoreshejweIbindi byose — ibara, uburyohe, ingero — bigenwa n'icyitegererezo, kandi ingero zifite icyo zivuze gusa iyo ziturutse mu iduka aho kuba mu ntebe.

Ibibazo bikunze kubazwa

Ese koko imbuto zumye zikonjeshejwe nta mboga zirinda kwangirika?

Yego, iyo inzira n'ibipfunyika byagenwe. Ituze rituruka ku muvuduko muke w'amazi, gupfunyika alutiro ifunze hamwe n'inzira yo gupfunyika ubwayo - nta miti irinda ubushyuhe, nta sulfite, nta nyongeramusaruro z'ubukorano. Saba itangazo mu nyandiko, kuko "nta miti irinda ubushyuhe" na "nta sulfite" ari amagambo atandukanye kandi aya kabiri ni yo yonyine ashobora kugenzurwa.

Ese kumisha mu buryo bwa frigo byangiza intungamubiri?

Kubika vitamine C mu buryo budahagije cyane ugereranyije no kumisha ubushyuhe. Imibare ya Vitamine C igaragara muri rusange iri hagati ya 80–95% mu kumisha mu buryo bukonje, mu gihe habayeho igihombo kinini mu kumisha mu buryo bushyushye cyane. Kubika mu gihe cyo gutunganya no kubika nyuma y'amezi 24 bibitswe ni ibintu bitandukanye, naho icya kabiri gisaba amakuru nyayo aturuka mu buryo bwo gupfunyika urimo kugura.

Kuki umusaruro wumye ukozwe muri firigo uhenze kurusha umusaruro usanzwe wumye?

Impamvu eshatu: igipimo cy’ibicuruzwa bivangwa n’ibicuruzwa bivangwa n’ibicuruzwa ni hagati ya 8:1 na 12:1 n’uburemere, uruziga rw’ibicuruzwa bivangwa n’ibicuruzwa rumara amasaha 12-18 ku giciro cy’ingufu nyinshi, kandi ipaki ni laminate ifite icyuma gipfundikiye gifite imbogamizi nyinshi. Igiciro cy’ibiciro ni ikiguzi cyo gutunganya no gutanga umusaruro, ntabwo ari inkuru y’agaciro - niyo mpamvu kandi ibiciro biri hasi cyane bikwiye gukorerwa igenzura ry’imikorere.

Ese ishobora kuribwa ivuye mu gafuka, cyangwa ikeneye kongera kunyurwa?

Byombi. Ni ifunguro ryiteguye kuribwa ryonyine, kandi kubera ko imiterere y’uturemangingo imeze neza, yongera kuzura vuba mu binyampeke, smoothies, isosi n’amafunguro ashyushye. Umuvuduko wo kongera kuzura ni ikimenyetso cy’ingirakamaro cy’ubwiza: ibicuruzwa biguma bikomeye nyuma y’iminota myinshi mu mazi akenshi biba byumye cyane cyangwa byarangiritse mu miterere yabyo.

Ni gute imbuto zumye mu buryo bwa firigo zitandukaniye ku mbuto zikonjeshejwe?

Imbuto zikonje ziracyafite amazi menshi kandi zishingiye ku muyoboro utagira umwanda ucikamo kabiri kuva ku mushongi kugeza ku muguzi. Amazi yumye mu bukonje yakuwemo hafi ya yose, apima uburemere buke cyane, kandi abikwa ku bushyuhe bw'ikirere - niyo mpamvu agenda mu gikoresho gisanzwe aho kunyura mu muyoboro w'amazi.

Ese amezi 24 agomba kumara nyuma yo gufungura?

Oya. Iyo agapfundikizo ka azote kamenetse, imiterere y’imyenge ifata ubushuhe bw’ikirere vuba kandi ubushyuhe bukagabanuka. Ubuyobozi bufatika ku bakoresha ni ukuvugurura no kurangiza mu gihe cy’ukwezi kumwe; ku bakoresha inganda, bafata agapfundikizo gafunguye nk’ikintu kidapfa igihe kirekire kandi ugaragaze uburyo bwo kongera gufunga cyangwa gukoresha rimwe mu buryo bwawe.