Mu 2026, ibicuruzwa byumye byoherezwa hanze ku isi biteganijwe ko bizarenga toni miliyoni 2.3, aho abaguzi bo muri Amerika ya Ruguru, EU na Aziya y'Amajyepfo y'Uburasirazuba bashyizeho amahame akomeye kurusha mbere hose yerekeye ubushyuhe, imiterere n'uburyo bwo kubitunganya. Ku bashora imari mpuzamahanga mu mahanga, gusobanukirwa neza ikarita yuzuye y'ubwoko bw'ibimera byumye ntabwo bikiri inyungu yo guhangana - ni itegeko ry'ibanze ryo kwirinda igihombo mu byo batumiza, kubahiriza amategeko agenga igenzura rya gasutamo no gukoresha amasoko y'agaciro gakomeye.
1. Ingano enye z'ingenzi zigena ibyiciro by'ibirayi byumye
Bitandukanye no gushyira mu byiciro abaguzi basanzwe hakurikijwe imiterere, sisitemu mpuzamahanga y'ubucuruzi bw'ibirungo igabanya urusenda rwumye ikoresheje ingano enye zisanzwe, zishingiye ku igenzura buri wese wohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga agomba kumenya. Urwego rw'ubushyuhe, rupimirwa muri Scoville Heat Units (SHU), ruri hagati y'ubwoko bwa paprika ntoya ya SHU kugeza ku binyabutabire birenga 350.000 bya SHU bishyushye cyane. Ibara rigenwa hakurikijwe agaciro k'amabara ya ASTA, amahame mpuzamahanga agena niba urusenda rukwiriye gusiga irangi ry'ibiribwa bisanzwe cyangwa ikoreshwa gusa mu birungo bisanzwe. Ibyiciro by'imiterere n'ingano bikubiyemo urusenda ruziga, urusenda rutukura rurerure, urusenda rwa cayenne runini n'ubwoko bwa ancho, mu gihe uburyo bwo gutunganya bugabanya ibicuruzwa mu buryo bwumye, buseye, bufu n'imbuto byakuweho mu nganda zitandukanye. Uru rwego rw'ibice bine rukuraho 90% by'amakimbirane asanzwe avuka ku mipaka aterwa n'ibisobanuro bidasobanutse neza by'ibicuruzwa.
2. Ibyiciro 7 by'Ubucuruzi Bukomeye Biganjemo 92% by'Ubucuruzi Bukuru bw'Ibicuruzwa Bicuruzwa ku Isi
Amakuru y’inganda zo mu nama mpuzamahanga y’ibirungo yo mu 2026 agaragaza ko ibyiciro birindwi by’urusenda rwumye bigizwe na 92% by’ubucuruzi rusange ku isi, buri kimwe gifite amatsinda y’abaguzi bahoraho. Urusenda rurerure rutukura, igice kinini, rufite umugabane wa 47% ku isoko, rukunzwe n’inganda zikora ibirungo kubera ubushyuhe bwarwo buringaniye n’ubushuhe buke. Urusenda rwa Paprika, rugizwe na 18% by’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga, hafi ya byose bigenewe ibicuruzwa by’ibiribwa byo mu Burayi na Amerika y’Amajyaruguru bishyira imbere ibara ryiza kandi rihoraho kuruta ubushyuhe bwinshi. Urusenda rwa Cayenne (umugabane wa 12%) rwibanda ku bakora isosi ishyushye n’ibiryo biryoshye, mu gihe urusenda rwa cherry, urusenda rw’inyoni, urusenda rwa ancho na jalapeños zumye bigize 15% bisigaye, buri kimwe gitanga amasoko y’ibiribwa byihariye n’ibicuruzwa by’ubukorikori. Abatumiza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga batesha agaciro ibi byiciro bahura n’ibyago birenga 35% byo kwangwa imizigo ku byambu by’aho bijya.
3. Amategeko Ahishe y'Ikarita y'Icyiciro: Guhuza Ubwoko n'Ibikenewe ku Isoko ry'Akarere
Ikintu kitagaragara cyane ku ikarita y’ibyiciro bya chili yumye ku isi ni icyuho gikomeye cy’ibyo akarere gakunda bigira ingaruka ku nyungu ku bicuruzwa. Isoko ry’Aziya y’Amajyepfo y’uburasirazuba rishyira imbere chili nto kandi zishyushye cyane, aho abaguzi biteguye kwishyura 20% by’ubwishingizi ku bicuruzwa bifite SHU irenga 100.000. Isoko ry’Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi rigabanya cyane urugero rw’uburozi bwa paprika butumizwa mu mahanga, bigatuma paprika y’igiciro gito iba icyiciro cyunguka cyane ku bohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga bigamije ako karere. Ku rundi ruhande, abacuruzi b’ibiryo byihuse bo muri Amerika y’Amajyaruguru batumiza ifu y’urusenda rutukura rusanzwe, bashyira imbere ubwinshi bw’ibicuruzwa bihoraho kuruta ubushyuhe bwinshi cyangwa imiterere yihariye. Abatumiza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga bahuza ibyiciro byabo n’ibyo bakunda mu karere bavuga ko inyungu mpuzandengo iri hejuru ya 28% ugereranije n’abandi bagurisha ibicuruzwa bya chili yumye bivanze bisanzwe.
4. Ibyiciro Bishya bya 2026: Ibice Bishya Bisobanura Ikarita Gakondo
Sisitemu gakondo y’ibyiciro 7 irimo kwaguka, kuko ibice bibiri bishya by’ingenzi bikura cyane mu byoherezwa mu mahanga muri uyu mwaka. Urusenda rumye rworoshye rwa kapusike, rwakorewe abaguzi bashaka uburyohe bwa pilipili rudafite ibirungo, rwabonye ingano y’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga yiyongereyeho 78% ugereranyije n’umwaka mu gice cya mbere cya 2026, bitewe n’ibyifuzo by’abana ku biryo biryoshye n’ibirungo byoroheje. Urusenda rumye rwo mu bwoko bw’umwimerere, rukomoka mu moko gakondo atari ay’ibikomoka kuri GMO muri Peru no mu majyepfo y’uburengerazuba bw’Ubushinwa, ruri kugurisha ku giciro cyikubye inshuro eshatu ugereranije n’urusenda rumye rusanzwe, rugamije ubucuruzi bw’ibiribwa byihariye mu Burayi no muri Amerika. Ibi bice bishya birimo guha amahirwe yo kubona inyungu ku bohereza ibicuruzwa bashobora kuvugurura umurongo w’ibicuruzwa byabo uretse ibyiciro bisanzwe bisanzwe.
Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa (FQA)
- Q: Ni ayahe mahame ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga bw'ibirungo bukoresha mu gushyira mu byiciro urusenda rumyutse?
A: Sisitemu y'ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga ishyira mu byiciro urusenda rwumye hakoreshejwe ibipimo bine by'ingenzi: gupima ubushyuhe bwa Scoville, gushyira mu byiciro agaciro k'amabara ya ASTA, gushyira mu byiciro imiterere n'ingano, hamwe n'uburyo bwa nyuma bwo gutunganya, kugira ngo hakurweho ibisobanuro bidasobanutse neza by'ibicuruzwa mu masezerano mpuzamahanga. - Q: Ni ikihe cyiciro cy'ibirayi byumye bifite umugabane munini ku isoko mpuzamahanga ryoherezwa mu mahanga?
A: Pélière ndende zitukura ni zo nini cyane, zigira 47% by'ingano yose ya pélière yumye yoherezwa mu mahanga ku isi, ikundwa n'inganda zikora ibirungo kubera ubushyuhe bwazo, igihe kirekire kandi zigatunganywa neza. - Q: Ni izihe ngorane zikunze kugaragara ku bashora imari mu mahanga iyo banditse nabi ibyiciro by'ibirungo byumye?
A: Abatumiza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga bashyira amazina atari yo mu byiciro by’ibirungo byumye bahura n’ibyago birenga 35% byo kwangwa kw’imizigo ku byambu by’aho bijya, ibi bikaba byatera igihombo cy’ibicuruzwa byose, amafaranga y’inyongera yo kubibika ndetse n’isura y’ababicuruza yangirika igihe kirekire. - Q: Ni irihe soko ryo mu karere ritanga amafaranga menshi ku myanda yumye ishyushye cyane?
A: Isoko ry’uburasirazuba bw’Aziya ritanga igiciro cya 20% ku birungo by’inyoni bishyushye cyane hamwe n’ibice by’ubushyuhe bya Scoville biri hejuru ya 100.000, kuko ibiryo byo muri ako gace bikeneye cyane uburyohe bwa chili buvanze kandi butoshye. - Q: Ni ikihe cyiciro cy’ibikomoka kuri chili yumye cyiyongera cyane mu mahanga mu 2026?
A: Urusenda rumyutse rudafite kapusike nyinshi ni rwo rukura vuba, aho ubwinshi bw'ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga bwiyongereyeho 78% ugereranyije n'umwaka mu gice cya mbere cya 2026, bitewe no kwiyongera kw'ibikenewe by'ibikomoka kuri pilipili biryoshye ariko bitarimo ibirungo mu byo kurya by'abana ndetse n'ibirungo byoroheje. - Q: Ni iki gisabwa mu kohereza paprika yumye ku isoko ry’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi?
A: Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’Uburayi ufite imipaka ikomeye cyane ku gipimo cy’uburozi bwa aflatoxin ku bicuruzwa bya paprika bitumizwa mu mahanga, bityo paprika yumye gusa ihuye n’amahame yo kugenzura ibidukikije mu karere ishobora kwemererwa na gasutamo, bigatuma kubahiriza amategeko ari byo by’ingenzi kuri iki cyiciro.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-26-2026
