Urusenda rwa Aleppo rwaba rwaseye kandi rugakoreshwa nk'ibirungo, rugaseye rukavamo isosi idasanzwe ya chili, cyangwa rwongewemo salade yose, rufite umwanya wihariye mu rwego rwo guteka. Uru rusenda rwa Aleppo, rwakuriye mu mujyi wa Aleppo wo mu majyaruguru ya Siriya (cyangwa Halab), rwamaze ibinyejana byinshi rukoreshwa mu kuryoshya kebabs, isupu, n'isosi, rutandukanya ibiryo bya Siriya n'ibindi biribwa byo mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati.
Ali Fakhrdeen, umutetsi wa resitora ya Qasr Halab iherutse gufungurwa i Sharjah, yabwiye Gulfnews.com ati: “Ibiryo byiza cyane muri Siriya bituruka muri Aleppo. Aleppo ifite amafunguro menshi aryoshye, ariko hari ikintu kimwe kidasanzwe kiboneka muri Aleppo gusa: isosi ishyushye ya chili.”
Iyi sosi irimo urusenda rwa chili itanga uburyohe buzwi cyane bwo mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati n'ibiryo by'ingenzi, nk'amababi y'imizabibu yuzuye, kebabs, n'inyama zokeje, uburyohe bwihariye bwa Siriya. Iyi sosi ishyushye (cyangwa shatahlabiya) iboneka mu moko abiri—ibirungo n'ibiryo biryoshye.
“Umuceri upfunyitse mu mababi y’imizabibu uboneka mu bihugu byinshi byo mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati—Libani, Yorodaniya, na Misiri. Ariko muri Aleppo, iyi funguro ni iry’umwihariko kuko amababi y’imizabibu yuzuyemo isosi nziza ya chili na sirupe ya grenadine. Ibi biyiha uburyohe budasanzwe utazabona ahandi mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati,” ibi ni ibyatangajwe na Chef Fakhreddine.
Mu myaka ya vuba aha, ingaruka z'urusenda rwa Aleppo ku mirire ku isi zarangiritse, kimwe n'umujyi ubwawo, ahanini bitewe n'intambara iri kubera muri ako karere. Ubwo intambara yangizaga ubutaka bw'ubuhinzi, abahinzi benshi bahatiwe kwimukira mu turere duturanye, ariko uburyohe bwihariye bw'urusenda rwa Aleppo bwarabungabunzwe neza. Imbuto zashakishijwe cyane, none ubu abakunzi b'ibirungo kugeza kure nka Kaliforuniya, muri Amerika, batangiye guhinga urusenda rwa Aleppo.
Ibi biterwa nuko urusenda rukunda kwihuza n’imiterere itandukanye y’ubuhinzi hirya no hino ku isi. Rwahoranye inshuti y’abagenzi kandi rwanakoreshejwe nk’ifaranga. Kuva muri West Indies kugeza i Burayi, kuva muri Esipanye kugeza muri Afurika y’Iburengerazuba, urusenda rukwirakwira ku isi yose, rushobora kuvanga byoroshye n’ubwoko bwaho. Kubwibyo, urusenda rwa Aleppo rufite kandi ikimenyetso cya Aleppo gitandukanye.
Uduce tw'urusenda rwa chili rugizwe n'uduce duto, dufite uburebure bwa santimetero 5 kugeza kuri 10, dufite uruhu rworoshye, rubengerana kandi runini. Rufite ubushyuhe buke cyane, rugera ku bihumbi 10.000 bya Scoville Heat Units (SHU). Kubera uburyohe bwarwo budasanzwe, buvanga ubushyuhe, uburyohe n'imbuto, urusenda rwa Aleppo rukoreshwa cyane mu biryo bya Siriya.
Igihe cy'urusenda rwa chili muri Levant kirangira mu mpera z'impeshyi no mu ntangiriro z'umuhindo. Muri icyo gihe, buri rugo rukusanya urusenda rwa chili rusigaye rukarumisha—atari rwose, ahubwo ku rugero runaka—kugira ngo rukore isosi y'urusenda rutukura.
“Iyi ni yo sosi dukoresha mu gukora isosi ya Muhammara—ibiceri by'imigati, isosi ya chili, amavuta ya elayo na cumin. Ibintu bine gusa birahagije kugira ngo iyi appetizer ikoreshwe, kuko isosi ya chili ni yo ituma isosi ya Muhammara igira uburyohe bwihariye,” ibi ni ibyavuzwe na Chef Fakhreddine.
Aleppo ni umwe mu mijyi ya kera cyane ituwe ku isi, iherereye ku muhanda wa Silk. Ubucukuzi bw'ibyataburuwe mu matongo bwatangiye mu gihe cya kera cy'umuringa, ahagana mu myaka ya 3000 mbere ya Yesu.
Ariko, iyo urebye iterambere riherutse ry’ibiryo byo muri Siriya, uzabona ko uburyohe bwabyo butahindutse. Chef Fahrdin yizera ko ibi biterwa nuko ibiryo byo muri Siriya bidashobora gutegurwa mu buryo butari gakondo.
Yagize ati: “Niba ushaka kumva uburyohe bw'ibiryo bya Aleppo, ugomba kubiteka ukoresheje uburyo gakondo, ntabwo ari uburyo budasanzwe.”
Mugenzi we, Hassan Obaid, umutetsi wo mu gisekuru cya gatatu mu muryango, yaremeye. Se yakoraga nk'umutetsi muri hoteli nini i Aleppo, kandi yize ubuhanga bwe bwo guteka kuri se. Chef Obaid yizeye ko abahungu be bazakomeza imigenzo yo guteka mu muryango, kandi ko abazabakomokaho mu gisekuru cya kane bazaragwa ishyaka ryo guteka.
“Ku bijyanye n’ibiryo ubwabyo, nta mpinduka uzabona. Uburyohe bwagumyeho mu bisekuru bitatu. Ariko ubu, bitewe n’iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga n’impinduka zikomeye mu mibereho, twahinduye gusa uko byakorwaga. Ariko uburyohe buracyari bumwe,” ibi ni ibyavuzwe na Al-Obaid, umutetsi mukuru wa Casal Harab.
Niyo mpamvu kebabs ubu zikoreshwa mu imashini aho gucibwamo ibice bito, kandi uburyohe bwarushijeho kuba bugezweho. Ariko uburyohe buracyari bwose. Urundi rugero rw'uburyo ibiryo gakondo bikoreshwa mu buryo bugezweho ni foromaje ya halloumi ikaranze, ifunguro rikunzwe cyane mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati.
“Foromaje ya Halomi yahoze ari foromaje ya halomi—uburyohe bwayo ntibwahindutse kuva mu gihe cya sogokuru kugeza uyu munsi. Ariko nahise ngira igitekerezo cyo gupfunyika foromaje ya halomi mu ifu ya kunafa (vermicelli) hanyuma nkayiteka. Muri ubu buryo, ushobora kubona uburyohe bwa foromaje ya halomi n’uburyohe bw’ifu ya kunafa,” ibi ni ibyatangajwe na Chef Obaid.
Ni gute ibiryo byo muri Siriya bitandukanye n'ibyo mu Misiri cyangwa muri Libani? Nk'uko Chef Fahrdin abivuga, ni "uburyohe bwa halal" budasanzwe butuma ibiryo bihinduka bishya.
Yagize ati: “Ikiyiko cya Siriya na cyo ni umwihariko, gifite uburyohe bwihariye bwa halab. Dukoresha inyama z’intama zaciwe, ingano zaciwe, pistachios, walnuts, imbuto z’amakomamanga n’ibirungo. Birumvikana ko hari n’isosi nziza ya chili. Ibi ni byo bintu by’ingenzi biri mu byuzuza, kandi bitegurwa hamwe n’ibitunguru na sirupe y’amakomamanga.”
Kebab nazo ziratandukanye; Aleppo kebab zikoresha inyama nyinshi, bigatuma zoroha kandi zoroshye. Hariho kandi ubwoko butandukanye.
Yongeyeho ati: “Bazongeramo amavuta menshi kugira ngo kebab zoroshye, ndetse n’imbuto z’ubunyobwa. Nkunda cyane ni kebab ya Billa Mukasarata, ikozwe mu mbuto z’ubunyobwa na foromaje mu nyama ziciwe.”
Ku bagerageza ibiryo bya Siriya bwa mbere, Chef Fahrdin agira inama agira ati: “Tangira na muhammara, hanyuma ushyiremo kibbe na yaranga, hanyuma uherekeze na kebabs.”
Niba ushaka kugerageza ibiryo byo muri Siriya, dore resept yihariye yatanzwe na resitora ya Qasar Halab sous-chef Hassan Al Obaid—uburyo bwe bwihariye bwo kugerageza foromaje ya haloumi ikaranze.
• Shyira uduce dutatu twa foromaje ya halloumi mu ifu ya kunafa hanyuma ukarange mu gihe cy'iminota ine.
• Shyira za'atar nshya ukwayo hanyuma uyishyire ku isahani. Shyira foromaje ya haloumi ikaranze hejuru hanyuma uyishyireho imyelayo y'umukara yaciwe.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza 31-2025